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False Flag: Internet is out of IP addresses! The IPV6 Pillar to the Real World Web

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False Flag: Internet is out of IP addresses! The IPV6 Pillar to the Real World Web
11-30-2011, 02:23 PM,
#1
FastTadpole Offline
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Information  False Flag: Internet is out of IP addresses! The IPV6 Pillar to the Real World Web
Overload went and deleted some threads of his which included other members' posts. This erroneous feature now disabled b the w.

I did managed to restore this one without bugging the yeti to do a DB restore.

Overload Wrote:Most users believe in the inexhaustible space on the internet but most people who log on to the net would not believe the problem internet is currently facing - running out of IP addresses.

IP Address, or Internet Protocol Address, in simple terms is just the unique name of your computer online. It allows people to identify you and the location you are based in. The websites and the URLs we use log in to a website also have an IP address but generally have names like google.com or facebook.com to make it easier on the human brains that obviously cannot remember such long stream of numbers.

Except, now the version of the IP addresses the world is working on - IP version 4 - is running out. As of January 14, 2011, the IANA Unallocated Address Pool is expected to be exhausted as early as 19th Feb 2011.

Which means no more new websites from next month, unless we come up with more numbers and combinations for new addresses.

Hence, most companies are now planning to migrate to Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6).

IPv6 has been slowly adopted already by several companies, including Google. But it will be unveiled to the public for the first time on June 8, 2011.

Google, Facebook, Yahoo and other biggies in the internet world will allow access for 24 hours on their IPv6 support and will be a mega-test for the internet to see if it can support the new IP system without crashing.

Most users still do question the reason for the switch, other than the exhaustion of the older IP addresses. There are several costs and risks associated with the adoption of the new IP address system.

The new IP address system, however, makes routing faster and easier as it allows large blocks to be assigned for specific purposes.

The IPv6 uses a 128-bit address size, compared to the 32-bit address size that is used by IPv4 currently. Naturally, this translates to more potential combinations of unique addresses. Wikipedia estimates this at 2128 number of addresses, which hopefully should be enough for the foreseeable future.

Internet users might not really see much a difference in using these websites on June 8. Some reports state that there could be a few 'rare cases' with connectivity problems but for most parts, users should remain unaffected.


FastTadpole Wrote:4,228,250,625 (~4 Million Blocks - not necessarily IPs)

255*255*255*255

IPv6 solves this easily

274,941,996,890,625 (274 Billion Blocks)

255*255*255*255*255*255

Y2K Fear Re-installation Program / Cash Grab, Glad they're testing it out though. 3% free allocation can be mitigated much further along but it needs to be done sometime. I question the timing of the action.

It would be a great (and likely) time to do some preliminary testing on the new security protocols surrounding ACTA like DNSSEC and CYBERCOM and maybe deploy a massive amount of IPs to the HP/Shell CeNSE network that I've been anticipating the other shoe to drop on while everyone is distracted with garbage media du jour.

VPNs, NATs and SubNets could deal with this too but IPv6 is a better solution, I would have maybe gone up to an 8 or 10 factor though so there is no rerun of this later on. I suppose it wouldn't be as dramatic though.

pax681 Wrote:this isn't really "new" IPv4 blocks have been running out for quite some time.

Quote:IP v6 and NAT i.e. Network Address Translater are best solution for IP issues..

translation bud Wink

the only problem as such with IPv6 is that not many domestic routers are capable of it really at the moment and it's take more than just a firmware update to sort that out.

FT is spot on about the Y2K like fear generation about it.. and it's not likely to really affect anything to be honest.. the IPv6 rollout won't be quick as the cost to ISP's and backbone providers to upgrade equipment is FUCKING ASTONISHING.

There is a datacentre here in Edinburgh that costed upgrading it's infrastructure to be able to deal with both IPv4 and IPv6.. scolocate isn't even a huge DC but it was costed at... 3.2 million GBP .. i shit you not.. which is a massive overhead for them as compared to many datacentres they are not that big to be honest though at first glance at their square footage you might think so....

good that you mentioned ACTA and odd that NAT was mentioned as there are a fair few ISP's who are thinking of putting their whole networks behind a NAT so that it makes it much harder for customers to get nailed with their IP address as they don't want the extra cost of installing the tech and manpower to "police" on behalf of the *IAA's.

see here for details

however all in all FT is spot on in that the sky isn't going to fall in any time soon with re4spect to this and also that IPv6 isn't a bad thing at all however it's gonna cost eve4ryone from the customers up..
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12-01-2011, 06:43 AM,
#2
thokling Offline
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RE: Internet is running out of IP addresses!
An interesting article appeared during one of my forays into IPV4 exhaustion, and it turns out that a comment at http://forums.cnet.com/7723-10152_102-516104.html notes corporations sitting on massive blocks of IP addresses without using them.

http://mashable.com/2011/02/03/ipv4-ipv6-guide/ also notes under Q: Why are we running out of IPv4 addresses? that many blocks are owned by corporations, though the first link contains itself a link to the pertinent data.

So there are plenty of IP's to go around until IPv6 gets all settled in.
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12-01-2011, 11:40 AM,
#3
FastTadpole Offline
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RE: Internet is running out of IP addresses!
Interesting thokling Here's that quote you referred to earlier

(12-01-2011, 06:43 AM)thokling Wrote: http://mashable.com/2011/02/03/ipv4-ipv6-guide/ also notes under Q: Why are we running out of IPv4 addresses? that many blocks are owned by corporations, though the first link contains itself a link to the pertinent data.

and here is that pertinent data, once everyone else is forced off of the IPV4 protocol once it is widely adopted that frees up the old internet for use by or via the companies that control them, thus creating a free layer, or another undernet layer for legacy communication.


Code:
IANA IPv4 Address Space Registry

   Last Updated
           2011-02-03

   Description

The allocation of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address space to various registries is listed
here. Originally, all the IPv4 address spaces was managed directly by the IANA. Later parts of the
address space were allocated to various other registries to manage for particular purposes or
regional areas of the world. RFC 1466 [RFC1466] documents most of these allocations.

   This registry is also available in plain text.

   Prefix                  Designation                    Date         Whois       Status [1]   Note
   000/8  IANA - Local Identification                    1981-09                    RESERVED    [2]
   001/8  APNIC                                          2010-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   002/8  RIPE NCC                                       2009-09  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   003/8  General Electric Company                       1994-05                     LEGACY
   004/8  Level 3 Communications, Inc.                   1992-12                     LEGACY
   005/8  RIPE NCC                                       2010-11  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   006/8  Army Information Systems Center                1994-02                     LEGACY
   007/8  Administered by ARIN                           1995-04  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   008/8  Level 3 Communications, Inc.                   1992-12                     LEGACY
   009/8  IBM                                            1992-08                     LEGACY
   010/8  IANA - Private Use                             1995-06                    RESERVED    [3]
   011/8  DoD Intel Information Systems                  1993-05                     LEGACY
   012/8  AT&T Bell Laboratories                         1995-06                     LEGACY
   013/8  Xerox Corporation                              1991-09                     LEGACY
   014/8  APNIC                                          2010-04  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED    [4]
   015/8  Hewlett-Packard Company                        1994-07                     LEGACY
   016/8  Digital Equipment Corporation                  1994-11                     LEGACY
   017/8  Apple Computer Inc.                            1992-07                     LEGACY
   018/8  MIT                                            1994-01                     LEGACY
   019/8  Ford Motor Company                             1995-05                     LEGACY
   020/8  Computer Sciences Corporation                  1994-10                     LEGACY
   021/8  DDN-RVN                                        1991-07                     LEGACY
   022/8  Defense Information Systems Agency             1993-05                     LEGACY
   023/8  ARIN                                           2010-11  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   024/8  ARIN                                           2001-05  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   025/8  UK Ministry of Defence                         1995-01  whois.ripe.net     LEGACY
   026/8  Defense Information Systems Agency             1995-05                     LEGACY
   027/8  APNIC                                          2010-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   028/8  DSI-North                                      1992-07                     LEGACY
   029/8  Defense Information Systems Agency             1991-07                     LEGACY
   030/8  Defense Information Systems Agency             1991-07                     LEGACY
   031/8  RIPE NCC                                       2010-05  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   032/8  AT&T Global Network Services                   1994-06                     LEGACY
   033/8  DLA Systems Automation Center                  1991-01                     LEGACY
   034/8  Halliburton Company                            1993-03                     LEGACY
   035/8  MERIT Computer Network                         1994-04                     LEGACY
   036/8  APNIC                                          2010-10  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   037/8  RIPE NCC                                       2010-11  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   038/8  PSINet, Inc.                                   1994-09                     LEGACY
   039/8  APNIC                                          2011-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   040/8  Eli Lily & Company                             1994-06                     LEGACY
   041/8  AfriNIC                                        2005-04 whois.afrinic.net ALLOCATED
   042/8  APNIC                                          2010-10  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   043/8  Administered by APNIC                          1991-01                     LEGACY
   044/8  Amateur Radio Digital Communications           1992-07                     LEGACY
   045/8  Administered by ARIN                           1995-01  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   046/8  RIPE NCC                                       2009-09  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   047/8  Bell-Northern Research                         1991-01                     LEGACY
   048/8  Prudential Securities Inc.                     1995-05                     LEGACY
   049/8  APNIC                                          2010-08  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   050/8  ARIN                                           2010-02  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   051/8  UK Government Department for Work and Pensions 1994-08  whois.ripe.net     LEGACY
   052/8  E.I. duPont de Nemours and Co., Inc.           1991-12                     LEGACY
   053/8  Cap Debis CCS                                  1993-10                     LEGACY
   054/8  Merck and Co., Inc.                            1992-03                     LEGACY
   055/8  DoD Network Information Center                 1995-04                     LEGACY
   056/8  US Postal Service                              1994-06                     LEGACY
   057/8  SITA                                           1995-05                     LEGACY
   058/8  APNIC                                          2004-04  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   059/8  APNIC                                          2004-04  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   060/8  APNIC                                          2003-04  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   061/8  APNIC                                          1997-04  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   062/8  RIPE NCC                                       1997-04  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   063/8  ARIN                                           1997-04  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   064/8  ARIN                                           1999-07  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   065/8  ARIN                                           2000-07  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   066/8  ARIN                                           2000-07  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   067/8  ARIN                                           2001-05  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   068/8  ARIN                                           2001-06  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   069/8  ARIN                                           2002-08  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   070/8  ARIN                                           2004-01  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   071/8  ARIN                                           2004-08  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   072/8  ARIN                                           2004-08  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   073/8  ARIN                                           2005-03  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   074/8  ARIN                                           2005-06  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   075/8  ARIN                                           2005-06  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   076/8  ARIN                                           2005-06  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   077/8  RIPE NCC                                       2006-08  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   078/8  RIPE NCC                                       2006-08  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   079/8  RIPE NCC                                       2006-08  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   080/8  RIPE NCC                                       2001-04  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   081/8  RIPE NCC                                       2001-04  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   082/8  RIPE NCC                                       2002-11  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   083/8  RIPE NCC                                       2003-11  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   084/8  RIPE NCC                                       2003-11  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   085/8  RIPE NCC                                       2004-04  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   086/8  RIPE NCC                                       2004-04  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   087/8  RIPE NCC                                       2004-04  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   088/8  RIPE NCC                                       2004-04  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   089/8  RIPE NCC                                       2005-06  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   090/8  RIPE NCC                                       2005-06  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   091/8  RIPE NCC                                       2005-06  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   092/8  RIPE NCC                                       2007-03  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   093/8  RIPE NCC                                       2007-03  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   094/8  RIPE NCC                                       2007-07  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   095/8  RIPE NCC                                       2007-07  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   096/8  ARIN                                           2006-10  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   097/8  ARIN                                           2006-10  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   098/8  ARIN                                           2006-10  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   099/8  ARIN                                           2006-10  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   100/8  ARIN                                           2010-11  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   101/8  APNIC                                          2010-08  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   102/8  AfriNIC                                        2011-02 whois.afrinic.net ALLOCATED
   103/8  APNIC                                          2011-02  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   104/8  ARIN                                           2011-02  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   105/8  AfriNIC                                        2010-11 whois.afrinic.net ALLOCATED
   106/8  APNIC                                          2011-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   107/8  ARIN                                           2010-02  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   108/8  ARIN                                           2008-12  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   109/8  RIPE NCC                                       2009-01  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   110/8  APNIC                                          2008-11  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   111/8  APNIC                                          2008-11  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   112/8  APNIC                                          2008-05  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   113/8  APNIC                                          2008-05  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   114/8  APNIC                                          2007-10  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   115/8  APNIC                                          2007-10  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   116/8  APNIC                                          2007-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   117/8  APNIC                                          2007-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   118/8  APNIC                                          2007-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   119/8  APNIC                                          2007-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   120/8  APNIC                                          2007-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   121/8  APNIC                                          2006-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   122/8  APNIC                                          2006-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   123/8  APNIC                                          2006-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   124/8  APNIC                                          2005-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   125/8  APNIC                                          2005-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   126/8  APNIC                                          2005-01  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   127/8  IANA - Loopback                                1981-09                    RESERVED    [5]
   128/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   129/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   130/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   131/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   132/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   133/8  Administered by APNIC                          1997-03  whois.apnic.net    LEGACY
   134/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   135/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   136/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   137/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   138/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   139/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   140/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   141/8  Administered by RIPE NCC                       1993-05  whois.ripe.net     LEGACY
   142/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   143/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   144/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   145/8  Administered by RIPE NCC                       1993-05  whois.ripe.net     LEGACY
   146/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   147/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   148/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   149/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   150/8  Administered by APNIC                          1993-05  whois.apnic.net    LEGACY
   151/8  Administered by RIPE NCC                       1993-05  whois.ripe.net     LEGACY
   152/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   153/8  Administered by APNIC                          1993-05  whois.apnic.net    LEGACY
   154/8  Administered by AfriNIC                        1993-05 whois.afrinic.net   LEGACY
   155/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   156/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   157/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   158/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   159/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   160/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   161/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   162/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   163/8  Administered by APNIC                          1993-05  whois.apnic.net    LEGACY
   164/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   165/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   166/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   167/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   168/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   169/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY     [6]
   170/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY
   171/8  Administered by APNIC                          1993-05  whois.apnic.net    LEGACY
   172/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY     [7]
   173/8  ARIN                                           2008-02  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   174/8  ARIN                                           2008-02  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   175/8  APNIC                                          2009-08  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   176/8  RIPE NCC                                       2010-05  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   177/8  LACNIC                                         2010-06 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   178/8  RIPE NCC                                       2009-01  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   179/8  LACNIC                                         2011-02 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   180/8  APNIC                                          2009-04  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   181/8  LACNIC                                         2010-06 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   182/8  APNIC                                          2009-08  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   183/8  APNIC                                          2009-04  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   184/8  ARIN                                           2008-12  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   185/8  RIPE NCC                                       2011-02  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   186/8  LACNIC                                         2007-09 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   187/8  LACNIC                                         2007-09 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   188/8  Administered by RIPE NCC                       1993-05  whois.ripe.net     LEGACY
   189/8  LACNIC                                         1995-06 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   190/8  LACNIC                                         1995-06 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   191/8  Administered by LACNIC                         1993-05 whois.lacnic.net    LEGACY
   192/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY    [8][9]
   193/8  RIPE NCC                                       1993-05  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   194/8  RIPE NCC                                       1993-05  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   195/8  RIPE NCC                                       1993-05  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   196/8  Administered by AfriNIC                        1993-05 whois.afrinic.net   LEGACY
   197/8  AfriNIC                                        2008-10 whois.afrinic.net ALLOCATED
   198/8  Administered by ARIN                           1993-05  whois.arin.net     LEGACY     [10]
   199/8  ARIN                                           1993-05  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   200/8  LACNIC                                         2002-11 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   201/8  LACNIC                                         2003-04 whois.lacnic.net  ALLOCATED
   202/8  APNIC                                          1993-05  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   203/8  APNIC                                          1993-05  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED    [11]
   204/8  ARIN                                           1994-03  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   205/8  ARIN                                           1994-03  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   206/8  ARIN                                           1995-04  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   207/8  ARIN                                           1995-11  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   208/8  ARIN                                           1996-04  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   209/8  ARIN                                           1996-06  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   210/8  APNIC                                          1996-06  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   211/8  APNIC                                          1996-06  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   212/8  RIPE NCC                                       1997-10  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   213/8  RIPE NCC                                       1993-10  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   214/8  US-DOD                                         1998-03                     LEGACY
   215/8  US-DOD                                         1998-03                     LEGACY
   216/8  ARIN                                           1998-04  whois.arin.net   ALLOCATED
   217/8  RIPE NCC                                       2000-06  whois.ripe.net   ALLOCATED
   218/8  APNIC                                          2000-12  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   219/8  APNIC                                          2001-09  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   220/8  APNIC                                          2001-12  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   221/8  APNIC                                          2002-07  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   222/8  APNIC                                          2003-02  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   223/8  APNIC                                          2010-04  whois.apnic.net  ALLOCATED
   224/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   225/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   226/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   227/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   228/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   229/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   230/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   231/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   232/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   233/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   234/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED  [12][13]
   235/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   236/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   237/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   238/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED    [12]
   239/8  Multicast                                      1981-09                    RESERVED  [12][14]
   240/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   241/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   242/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   243/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   244/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   245/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   246/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   247/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   248/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   249/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   250/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   251/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   252/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   253/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   254/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED    [15]
   255/8  Future use                                     1981-09                    RESERVED  [15][16]

Footnotes

   [1]  Indicates the status of address blocks as follows:
        RESERVED: designated by the IETF for specific non-unicast purposes as noted.
        LEGACY: allocated by the central Internet Registry (IR) prior to the Regional Internet Registries
        (RIRs). This address space is now administered by individual RIRs as noted, including maintenance
        of WHOIS Directory and reverse DNS records. Assignments from these blocks are distributed globally
        on a regional basis.
        ALLOCATED: delegated entirely to specific RIR as indicated.
        UNALLOCATED: not yet allocated or reserved.
   [2]  0.0.0.0/8 reserved for self-identification [RFC5735]
   [3]  Reserved for Private-Use Networks [RFC1918]
   [4]  This was reserved for Public Data Networks [RFC1356]
        See: http://www.iana.org/assignments/public-data-network-numbers
        It was recovered in February 2008 and was subsequently allocated to APNIC in April 2010
   [5]  127.0.0.0/8 is reserved for Loopback [RFC5735]
   [6]  169.254.0.0/16 reserved for Link Local [RFC5735]
   [7]  172.16.0.0/12 reserved for Private-Use Networks [RFC1918]
   [8]  192.0.2.0/24  reserved for TEST-NET-1 [RFC5737]
        192.88.99.0/24 reserved for 6to4 Relay Anycast [RFC3068]
        192.168.0.0/16 reserved for Private-Use Networks [RFC1918]
   [9]  192.0.0.0/24 reserved for IANA IPv4 Special Purpose Address Registry [RFC5736]
   [10] 198.18.0.0/15 reserved for Network Interconnect Device Benchmark Testing [RFC5735]
        198.51.100.0/24 reserved for TEST-NET-2 [RFC5737]
   [11] 203.0.113.0/24 reserved for TEST-NET-3 [RFC5737]
   [12] Multicast (formerly "Class D") [RFC5771] registed in http://www.iana.org/assignments/multicast-addresses
   [13] Unicast-Prefix-Based IPv4 Multicast Addresses [RFC6034]
   [14] Administratively Scoped IP Multicast [RFC2365]
   [15] Reserved for future use (formerly "Class E") [RFC1112]
   [16] 255.255.255.255 is reserved for "limited broadcast" destination address [RFC0919] and [RFC0922]
http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space/ipv4-address-space.txt

.. or more simply put with a few examples:

Quote:How To Read Lists:
Each block of /8 Top Class A IPs = 16 Million IPv4 Addresses

Of the Top Level IPv4 Holders:
Department of Defense: 9 blocks of /8, thats 9 x 16 Million IPv4 Addresses.

Apple: 017/8 = 16 Million IPv4 Addresses
MIT: 018/8 = 16 Million IPv4 Addresses
Ford: 019/8 = 16 Million IPv4 Addresses
AT&T: 012/8 & 032/8 = thats 2 x 16 Million IPv4 Addresses
Halliburton: 034/8 = 16 Million IPv4 Addresses
US Postal Service: 056/8 = 16 Million IPv4 Addresses
http://forums.cnet.com/7723-10152_102-516104.html



The obvious answer as to why they need so many IP addresses is so that it a necessary step in assigning a static IP to everything, everyplace and everyone - and maybe something more abstract that I am missing.

This allows a unique identifier to be used in connected multirelational databases and establish a two way communication bridge to a centralized and/or networked collection system and send back communicate data or commands directly back to the source object, place or person AND/OR ANY OTHER SYSTEM CONNECTED TO THE NETWORK or indirectly by translating the communication protocol.

Not only that but efforts such as the DNSSEC will act as a single catch-all relay and filtering system for the entire

Quote:Q: Why are we running out of IPv4 addresses?
A: IPv4 uses 32 bits for its Internet addresses. That means it can support 2^32 IP addresses in total — around 4.29 billion. That may seem like a lot, but all 4.29 billion IP addresses have now been assigned to various institutions, leading to the crisis we face today.

Let’s be clear, though: we haven’t run out of addresses quite yet. Many of them are unused and in the hands of institutions like MIT and companies like Ford and IBM. More IPv4 addresses are available to be assigned and more will be traded or sold (since IPv4 addresses are now a scarce resource), but they will become a scarcer commodity over the next two years until it creates problem for the web.

....

IPv6 utilizes 128-bit Internet addresses. Therefore, it can support 2^128 Internet addresses — 340,282,366,920,938,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 of them to be exact.
http://mashable.com/2011/02/03/ipv4-ipv6-guide/

I noticed that only global corporations based in the US were assigned massive blocs. Well that's will all, eventually, become a moot point as for new IP bloc ICANN has now shifted to become a global entity after being incubated by the US for the Web 1.0 protocol.

US Cedes Control ICANN, Internet.
http://concen.org/forum/showthread.php?tid=694

There is already a bit of forced compliance in the US and China to IPv6 and China is already a step ahead in creating IPV6 only infrastructure, thus showing the shape of things (planned) to come.

The reason I restored this thread was because it was an important pillar to lay the groundwork for the Internet of Things aka Real World Web aka SmartPlanet (IBM) aka CeNSE aka Smart Dust aka Web 2.0 that related to a post update last night. It took a good 4 hours to research, put it all together in a reasonably coherent way and find out what happened to this thread, which I eventually found was deleted from the forum . It follows up on the Smart Grid, Smart Dust, HP/Shell CeNSE and the DARPA Sensor Network research on I did previously and expands more into Smart Grid Deployment, Power Transmission Sensor Advances and the Real World Web that corporations and governments are elaborating on.

Check it out here: http://concen.org/forum/showthread.php?tid=33737&pid=234114#pid234114

So how long until this is installed globally? Well the US installed the Smart Grid nationwide pretty quickly over existing architecture.

Besides increasing the sheer number of IDs what else does the upgrade to IPV6 encompass that IPV4 did not?

Quote:IPv6 also implements additional features not present in IPv4. It simplifies aspects of address assignment (stateless address autoconfiguration), network renumbering and router announcements when changing Internet connectivity providers. The IPv6 subnet size has been standardized by fixing the size of the host identifier portion of an address to 64 bits to facilitate an automatic mechanism for forming the host identifier from link-layer media addressing information (MAC address). Network security is also integrated into the design of the IPv6 architecture, and the IPv6 specification mandates support for IPsec as a fundamental interoperability requirement.

The required IPsec authentication integrates the following Security Architecture:

* Authentication Headers (AH) provide connectionless integrity and data origin authentication for IP datagrams and provides protection against replay attacks.[5][6]

* Encapsulating Security Payloads (ESP) provide confidentiality, data origin authentication, connectionless integrity, an anti-replay service (a form of partial sequence integrity), and limited traffic flow confidentiality.[1]

* Security Associations (SA) provide the bundle of algorithms and data that provide the parameters necessary to operate the AH and/or ESP operations. The Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) provides a framework for authentication and key exchange,[7] with actual authenticated keying material provided either by manual configuration with pre-shared keys, Internet Key Exchange (IKE and IKEv2), Kerberized Internet Negotiation of Keys (KINK), or IPSECKEY DNS records.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6

In short it means that it identifies and validates the connection utilizing multiple unique identifiers and forces a more rigid standard for communication in hardware, firmware and software.

The shift itself opens the door to install new standards, transfer/consolidate cyber-governance and IP bloc assignment and eliminate legacy devices' ability to interface across all layers encompassing the Link, Transport, Internet, and by extension from the transport layer the application layer. This enables the enforcement of a global closed app and closed device environment (see Apple's Business Model).

Taking it even further the control of the application layer allows control of the content, delivery, format, access and interface into it.

The European Space Agency also updated satellite equipment to IPV6 ... in 2004.

Quote:In order to illustrate native IPv6 deployment over satellite, two pilot demonstrations have been specified, implemented and performed. Both demonstrations used IPv6-capable DVB-S equipment developed in other ESA projects. The first demonstration was to show the usability of advanced services like IPsec, Mobile IPv6, and audio and video conferencing in a native IPv6 satellite network. For the second demonstration the SILK network, connecting academic and educational institutions residing in the Central Asian and Caucasian region to a hub station in Hamburg via DVB-S forward and SCPC return links, has been enhanced to support native IPv6 communication.
http://telecom.esa.int/telecom/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=11406

The internet was an expensive but calculated bribe to get this central nervous installed globally, along with sensors, wi-fi, bluetooth, RFID, cameras, cell phones...

Failing the all out refusal to adopt Real World Web we're set on a path to getting caught in it gradually ceding control of anything and everything connected to it, including ourselves. In the meantime we can utilize this resource of the internet during this window before it closes shut, wisely.
There are no others, there is only us.
http://FastTadpole.com/
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12-03-2011, 03:50 PM,
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RE: Internet is running out of IP addresses!
(12-01-2011, 06:43 AM)thokling Wrote: An interesting article appeared during one of my forays into IPV4 exhaustion, and it turns out that a comment at http://forums.cnet.com/7723-10152_102-516104.html notes corporations sitting on massive blocks of IP addresses without using them.

http://mashable.com/2011/02/03/ipv4-ipv6-guide/ also notes under Q: Why are we running out of IPv4 addresses? that many blocks are owned by corporations, though the first link contains itself a link to the pertinent data.

So there are plenty of IP's to go around until IPv6 gets all settled in.

Yes and governments. The US government and its agencies I believe takes up a lot of ip blocks. I know that the USA country ip block lists is usually many times greater than other countries. They definitely have far too many internet ip addresses allocated for one organisation. I would suspect that no corporation would need more than a few hundred public ip addresses. They just like the idea of having a whole ip block to themselves, even though 99% is unused.
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